What Is The Charge And Oxidation Number Of Iodine?

What is the charge of iodine when it forms an ion?

Iodine is an electropositive halogen. If you don’t know how ions form elements, you would think that it forms positive ions. However, only metals form positive ions and charge by losing electrons.

Iodine is a nonmetal from the halogen family and won’t form positive ions. What then is the charge of iodine when it is by itself and in a compound with other elements? Find out in this article.

Properties of iodine

  • Iodine is a nonmetal from the halogen family
  • It has an atomic number of 53 and an atomic weight of 126.9
  • It is located in group 15 and period 5 of the periodic table
  • Iodine is a solid at STP with a density of 4.933 g/cm3
  • Furthermore, iodine has a boiling point of 363.7°F(184.3°C) and a melting point of 236.66°F(113.7°C)
  • Iodine exists as −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 oxidation states
  • Iodine has an electronic configuration of [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5 with 2, 8, 18, 18, and 7 electrons in its shells

What is the charge of iodine?

The charge of iodine is -1. Iodine is a nonmetal and a halogen. It has seven electrons in its outermost shell and will accept one to complete its orbit. When iodine accepts this electron, it becomes iodide, I-.

What is the charge of iodine in sodium iodide?

In sodium iodide, NaI, iodine is the anion with a -1 charge.

Na has an oxidation number of +1 and the overall charge of NaI is 0.

1 + I = 0

I = -1

What is the charge of iodine in iodine trifluoride?

In iodine trifluoride, IF3, iodine is in its +3 oxidation state.

I + 3(-1) = 0

0 = I – 3

I = +3

What is the oxidation state of iodine in Ca(IO3)2?

The oxidation state of iodine in Ca(IO3)2 is +5.

In a mathematical expression, substitute +2 and -2 as the oxidation states of Ca and O respectively.

2 + 2(I + 3(-2)) = 0

2 + 2(I – 6) = 0

0 = 2 + 2I – 12

0 = 2I – 10

-2I = -10

I = +5

FAQs

Can iodine form cations?

Yes, it can. In its lowest energy state, iodine has a high tendency to form cations. In this state, it readily loses electrons and gains a positive charge.

What is the nuclear charge of iodine?

The nuclear charge of any atom is the same as its atomic number. Therefore, the nuclear charge of iodine is 53.

What type of ion is triiodide?

Triiodide, I3-, is an anion. The overall charge on the three iodine ions is -3.

Conclusion

Iodine is a halogen with a -1 charge. It has seven electrons in its outermost shell and will accept one more electron to complete its octet structure.

Furthermore, although it forms compounds with other elements, iodine is the least reactive of all halogens. Iodine also tends to form positive ions because of its electropositivity. If iodine loses an electron, it becomes I+.

Thanks for reading.

Gezro has more articles on the charge of various elements of the periodic table.